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* ʋ-en-aw-ɔri‿ase [ ˩ ˥ ˦ ˧ (2-1) ˥ ˥ ˦ ] he be-

* haves (lit. “does”) as if he were

* right.

*(e)ʋ- 3 (1) what (interrogative);

* ʋ-u-aʋ̃ɛ [ ˩ / / ] what did you

* get? ʋ-u-amiɛ̃ [ ˥ ˥ ˦ ] what did you

* see? (2) what (relative); con-

* structions with ʋ- in this sense

* are in some cases used to denote

* objects which in other languages

* would be expressed by nouns,

* e.g. eʋ-aɽe [ ˩ ˩ ˥ ] “what one

* eats”: food; eʋ-axuɛ (short for

* eʋ-ayaxue) [ ˩ / / ] “what one

* takes to have a bath”: soap; to

* this class belongs probably also:

* eʋ-ariɛ [ ˩ ˩ ˥ ] (cf. riɛ [ ˥ ]?) (native)

* butter. (3) why (with following

* gu [ ˥ ] or zɛ [ ˥ ]); ʋ-ɔgu ɽu‿ɛe

* [ \ ˩ ˥ ˥ ] why did he do it? ( “what

* did he do it with, or, for”); ʋ-ɔzɛ

* n-ɔna ɽu‿ɛe [ \ ˩ ˥ ˥ ˦ (4-1) ] ( “what

* caused him to do it”). (4) how

* (interrogative); hɛ [ / ] is put at

* the end of the sentence: ʋ-uwa

* ʋiɛ hɛ [ ˩ / / / ] how have you

* (pl.) slept? (5) where (but cf. ʋo 1

* [ / ]); ʋ-u-arie [ ˩ / / ] where are

* you going? ʋ-u-aye [ ˩ / ˥ ] where

* do you live? (6) particle intro-

* ducing temporal relative sen-

* tences (v. n- 1), e.g. ugbɛ̃ (or ɛɣɛ

* [ ˩ ˩ ]) ʋ-ide [ ˩ ˩ ˩ / ] (at the time)

* when I was coming.

*ʋa [ / ] (1) to meet; to pass on the

* road; iʋa-ɽe [ ˩ \ ˥ ] I met him;

* idiom.: ʋa ʋ-owa [ ˩ ˩ ˥ ] “to meet

* in the house”: to deflower; v.

* ɔɣɛɽɛ [ ˩ \ ˩ ]. (2) to affect.

*ʋe [ ˥ ] a conjunction linking up

* nouns: “and”; Ozo ʋ-Odɛ, iɽ̃ã

* keɣigbĩna n-owiɛ [ ˩ ˥ ˦ ˧ ˥ ˩ ˥ ˥ ˩ ˩ ˥ ˦ ]

* Ojo and Odɛ (they) were fighting

* this morning; wɛ ʋ-iɽ̃-ɔ̃gbay-

* ugbo [ ˩ ˥ / ˥ ˦ (4-1) ] “you and he, did

* you (lit. “he”) go to farm to-
